Acute pyelonephritis pathophysiology results when there is bacterial infection in the body that affects the renal parenchyma. It has been found that in most cases, the bacterial infection does not present any symptoms. In case of acute infection, the disease causing bacteria interact with the host factors in many ways. The bacteria belong to the […]
There are many serious complication associated with pyelonephritis, but it is possible to prevent this disease by identifying and treating the various minor bladder infections .This is very useful as when you define pyelonephritis, you will learn that it is serious infection that may occur in the human kidneys. To define pyelonephritis that is acute,
There are many people who may be having valvular stenosis for many years, without suffering from any symptoms or been aware of it. There are various tests and examinations that point towards valvular stenosis. This disease is often detected when conducting regular physical examination with the stethoscope. The doctor may hear unusual sounds and murmurs
Pulmonic Regurgitation is a defect in the valves of the heart that causes return of blood into the right atrium. Some common causes of pulmonic regurgitation include pulmonary hypertension, carcinoid syndrome, and congenital absence of the pulmonary valve, tetralogy of fallot or infective endocarditis. It has also been found that in certain cases involving severe pulmonic regurgitation, right heart
There are many misconceptions regarding pps murmur, as the parents think that something is seriously wrong with their child. But, according to the experts it is perfectly normal for an infant to show signs of a pps murmur. There are many children who are growing and developing normally in spite of reports suggesting a heart
According to statistical studies, it has been found that pulmonic stenosis mostly affects young children, and individuals who are afflicted with a complicated congenital heart disease. This condition is treatable and there are many youngsters who even reach adulthood, but they may require constant monitoring and cardiovascular rehabilitation support. By definition, pulmonic stenosis is a
When there is considerable reduction in the flow of blood to the lungs, it could be due to pulmonary valve stenosis. There are various causes of this valvular heart disease, as it has been found that this disease occurs in patients suffering from congenital heart diseases. The pulmonary heart stenosis is also observed in individuals
The pulmonic valve is also referred to as the pulmonary valve, and it has three cusps. This valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It is described as a semilunar valve that has many similarities with the aortic valve. Under normal conditions the pulmonic valve opens into a ventricular systole, when
Before dwelling into the causes of hemolytic anemia, it is important to understand the clinical presentation of the disease. Hemolytic anemia is associated with the condition, where the red blood cells are destructed at an abnormally fast rate. The excessive breakdown of red blood cells will lead to increased level of bilirubin in the blood
Various genetic mutations can lead to decrease in the production of pyruvate kinase and this is known as pyruvate kinase deficiency. Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that plays a strategic role in the process of glycolysis. Thus pyruvate kinase is a form of a metabolic deficiency, but a complete deficiency of the enzyme would be
